[jackrabbit]

If your wife is not hunting, then the CA Fish and Game Code does not apply to her.

CA Penal Code allows for the legal possession of a loaded firearm, including a handgun, in a temporary residence -- and the code specifically lists a campsite as a temporary residence under this section. As long as there is no other jurisdiction which prohibits firearm possession (such as a national park like Yosemite NP) then she can carry the handgun as long as she is not hunting. While hiking together from one campsite to another I would recommend the handgun be unloaded while in her possession if you are walking together and your bow is readily available to take an animal; just so it cannot be claimed that she is helping you hunt.

A fishing license and fishing tackle also allows for the carry of a handgun on public property where it is not otherwise prohibited (for self protection obviously). Although I have not seen the exact citation, I THINK it is mentioned in the CA Penal Code as an exemption.

If you are hiking and camping in a national forest in CA I think she will be fine with a handgun if she is not with you while you are hunting.